Data Table 1 (Incident Data) reports weapons, location types, motives, total casualties (injured and killed), and resolution for all attacks (n = 50) and for current or former employees (n = 22), customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and romantic partners and relatives (n = 9). The column ns printed are 50 | 22 | 19 | 9.
APPENDICES: DATA TABLE 1
Data Table 1 column headers give all attacks as n = 50 / 29%, current or former employees as n = 22 / 13%, customers, clients, patients, and visitors as n = 19 / 11%, and romantic partners and relatives as n = 9 / 5%.
Sample (n = 50 of 173) · mass attacks (2016-2020) in the NTAC 2023 population from which the 50 workplace incidents were drawn
| INCIDENT DATA | All Attacks<br>n = 50 / 29% | Current or Former Employees<br>n = 22 / 13% | Customers, Clients, Patients, and Visitors<br>n = 19 / 11% | Romantic Partners and Relatives<br>n = 9 / 5% |
Why inferred table header: the column headers are printed in the table; the <br> marks the line break inside each printed header cell and is not printed text
An asterisk on the Weapons, Location Types and Motives rows of Data Table 1 indicates multiple responses, so percentages within those sections can sum to more than 100%.
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
*Indicates multiple responses.
Data Table 1 reports firearms in 86% of all attacks (n = 50), 95% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 68% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 100% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Firearms | 86% | 95% | 68% | 100%
Data Table 1 reports bladed weapons in 14% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 37% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Bladed Weapons | 14% | 0% | 37% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports vehicles as a weapon in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Vehicles | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports an explosive weapon in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Explosive | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports an incendiary weapon in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Incendiary | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports an other weapon type in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
| Incendiary | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0% | | Other | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0% |
Data Table 1 reports businesses as the location type in 86% of all attacks (n = 50), 95% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 74% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 89% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Businesses | 86% | 95% | 74% | 89%
Data Table 1 reports restaurants/bars (a business sub-type) as the location in 20% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 37% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 22% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Restaurants/Bars | 20% | 5% | 37% | 22%
Data Table 1 reports retail (a business sub-type) as the location in 6% of all attacks (n = 50), 9% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Retail | 6% | 9% | 0% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports services (a business sub-type) as the location in 22% of all attacks (n = 50), 23% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 21% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 22% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Services | 22% | 23% | 21% | 22%
Data Table 1 reports manufacturing/distribution (a business sub-type) as the location in 20% of all attacks (n = 50), 45% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Manufacturing/Distribution | 20% | 45% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports healthcare (a business sub-type) as the location in 14% of all attacks (n = 50), 9% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 16% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 22% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Healthcare | 14% | 9% | 16% | 22%
Data Table 1 reports government/military (a business sub-type) as the location in 6% of all attacks (n = 50), 9% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Government/Military | 6% | 9% | 0% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports government (a sub-row of government/military) as the location in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Government | 4% | 5% | 0% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports military (a sub-row of government/military) as the location in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Military | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports a residential community as the location in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 11% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Residential Community | 4% | 0% | 11% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports open space as the location in 8% of all attacks (n = 50), 9% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Open Space | 8% | 9% | 5% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports a school as the location in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
School | 2% | 0% | 0% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports non-profit services as the location in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 11% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Non-profit Services | 4% | 0% | 11% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports a grievance motive in 88% of all attacks (n = 50), 95% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 79% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 89% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Grievance | 88% | 95% | 79% | 89%
Data Table 1 reports a personal grievance (a sub-row of grievance) as a motive in 38% of all attacks (n = 50), 18% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 68% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 22% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Personal | 38% | 18% | 68% | 22%
Data Table 1 reports a workplace grievance (a sub-row of grievance) as a motive in 36% of all attacks (n = 50), 77% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Workplace | 36% | 77% | 5% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports a domestic grievance (a sub-row of grievance) as a motive in 22% of all attacks (n = 50), 14% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 78% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Domestic | 22% | 14% | 5% | 78%
Data Table 1 reports psychotic symptoms as a motive in 12% of all attacks (n = 50), 23% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 11% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Psychotic Symptoms | 12% | 23% | 0% | 11%
Data Table 1 reports ideology as a motive in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Ideology | 2% | 0% | 5% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports fame or notoriety as a motive in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Fame or Notoriety | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports a desire to kill as a motive in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Desire to kill | 4% | 5% | 5% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports an other motive in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 5% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 0% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
| Other | 2% | 5% | 0% | 0% | | Undetermined | 6% | 0% | 16% | 0% |
Data Table 1 reports the motive as undetermined in 6% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 16% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Undetermined | 6% | 0% | 16% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports total casualties (injuries plus deaths) of 247 (4.94 average) for all attacks (n = 50), 125 (5.68 average) for current or former employees (n = 22), 92 (4.84 average) for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 30 (3.33 average) for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
**Total Casualties (Injuries + Deaths)** | 247 (4.94 avg) | 125 (5.68 avg) | 92 (4.84 avg) | 30 (3.33 avg)
Data Table 1 reports 128 people injured (2.56 average) in all attacks (n = 50), 63 (2.86 average) by current or former employees (n = 22), 57 (3.00 average) by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 8 (0.89 average) by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Injured | 128 (2.56 avg) | 63 (2.86 avg) | 57 (3.00 avg) | 8 (0.89 avg)
Data Table 1 reports 119 people killed (2.38 average) in all attacks (n = 50), 62 (2.82 average) by current or former employees (n = 22), 35 (1.84 average) by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 22 (2.44 average) by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Killed | 119 (2.38 avg) | 62 (2.82 avg) | 35 (1.84 avg) | 22 (2.44 avg)
Data Table 1 reports that attackers stopped on their own in 76% of all attacks (n = 50), 77% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 68% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 88% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Attackers stopped on their own, then... | 76% | 77% | 68% | 88%
Data Table 1 reports that the attacker stopped on their own and was then arrested at or away from the scene in 30% of all attacks (n = 50), 22% for current or former employees (n = 22), 37% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 35% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Arrested at/away from scene | 30% | 22% | 37% | 35%
Data Table 1 reports that the attacker stopped on their own and then committed suicide in 46% of all attacks (n = 50), 54% for current or former employees (n = 22), 31% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 54% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Committed suicide | 46% | 54% | 31% | 54%
Data Table 1 reports that law enforcement intervened in 18% of all attacks (n = 50), 23% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 15% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 12% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Law enforcement intervened, then... | 18% | 23% | 15% | 12%
Data Table 1 reports that law enforcement intervened and the attacker was then arrested at or away from the scene in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% for current or former employees (n = 22), 10% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Arrested at/away from scene | 4% | 0% | 10% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports that law enforcement intervened and killed the attacker in 14% of all attacks (n = 50), 23% for current or former employees (n = 22), 5% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 12% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Killed by law enforcement | 14% | 23% | 5% | 12%
Data Table 1 reports that bystanders intervened in 4% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 11% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Bystanders intervened, then... | 4% | 0% | 11% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports that bystanders intervened and the attacker was then arrested at or away from the scene in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% for current or former employees (n = 22), 6% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Arrested at/away from scene | 2% | 0% | 6% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports that bystanders intervened followed by an other outcome in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% for current or former employees (n = 22), 6% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Other | 2% | 0% | 6% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports that the weapon was rendered inoperable in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% of attacks by current or former employees (n = 22), 5% by customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% by romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Weapon rendered inoperable, then... | 2% | 0% | 5% | 0%
Data Table 1 reports that the weapon was rendered inoperable and the attacker was then arrested at or away from the scene in 2% of all attacks (n = 50), 0% for current or former employees (n = 22), 5% for customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 19), and 0% for romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 50 | 22 | 19 | 9 by column) · Data Table 1 columns: all attacks 50 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 19 | partners and relatives 9
Arrested at/away from scene | 2% | 0% | 5% | 0%
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