Intervention

In 2025, civilians intervened in seven active shooter incidents. In more than one in five incidents (21%), members of the targeted population confronted the shooter, an increase compared to one in 24 incidents (4%) in 2024. In three incidents, civilians who intervened sustained injuries. | Civilian

Of the 34 attacks, civilians intervened in 50% at government locations, 67% at houses of worship, and 14% at commerce locations. However, civilian intervention was not reported in education or open space location | House of

During these incidents, civilians took a range of actions.

In four attacks, they successfully disarmed and/or restrained the shooter, while in three, they used weapons to intervene.

At the Sky Meadow Country Club shooting, a civilian hit the shooter with a chair, disarming and causing him to flee.

At the KDC/One Warehouse shooting, civilians disarmed the shooter, forcing him from the scene.

In the 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team Complex shooting, unarmed soldiers disarmed and restrained the suspect until military police arrived; and in the Jackson County Public Library incident, civilians overpowered the shooter during a shotgun malfunction.

Law enforcement apprehended the shooters at the scene in all cases except the KDC/One Warehouse incident, where officers captured the shooter the following day at a different location.

In three incidents, members of the targeted populations confronted the shooters using firearms or other weaponized objects.

At the Border Patrol Annex and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints shootings, civilians fired personal firearms at the shooters before law enforcement arrived.

At CrossPointe Community Church, a civilian used his vehicle to strike the shooter.

In all three incidents, the shooters were killed at the scene.

In most incidents involving civilian intervention, shooters used a single firearm. Three shooters used a handgun, two used a rifle, and one used a shotgun.

At the Border Patrol Annex incident, the shooter fired a rifle and a handgun.

this report, civilians refer to individuals who are neither law enforcement officers nor security personnel. Members of the military are included as civilians unless they are armed military police or federally deputized members of the National Guard.

In 2025, on-site security personnel intervened in three active shooter incidents, up from one in 2024. During one intervention, a security team member was injured. |

Two of the incidents took place at commercial locations, while the third occurred at a house of worship.

At Southern Hens Inc., a security guard shot and killed the attacker.

At CrossPointe Community Church, a parishioner struck the shooter with a vehicle before security team members engaged and killed the attacker at the scene. One security team member sustained injuries during the incident.

At Grand Sierra Resort, security personnel engaged the shooter and exchanged gunfire as the shooter fled through the parking area. Following an additional exchange of gunfire with responding officers, the attacker was shot, apprehended, and died from his injuries three days later.

Commerce | 2

House of Worship | 1

Shooters) In the three incidents where security personnel intervened, shooters used a single firearm.

Rifles were used at Southern Hens Inc. and CrossPointe Community Church, while the shooter at Grand Sierra Resort used a handgun.

In active shooter situations, law enforcement officers bear the responsibility of neutralizing the threat to keep the public safe.

Of the 34 incidents, officers intervened in 13 attacks while the shooter was still targeting victims, and in five of those attacks, law enforcement exchanged gunfire with the shooter.

All 13 incidents were resolved by law enforcement killing or apprehending the shooter on scene, or the shooter dying by suicide after officers intervened.

In the remaining 21 incidents, the attack ended prior to law enforcement’s arrival because the shooter was stopped by security or civilians, fled the scene, or died by suicide.

In 2025, law enforcement exchanged gunfire in five active shooter incidents that took place in government (3), open space (1), and commerce (1) location categories.

These exchanges resulted in three law enforcement injures and in every incident, at least two officers engaged the shooter.

In two incidents where gunfire was exchanged, officers sustained injuries during the exchange. At the Border Patrol Annex, law enforcement killed the attacker and two officers were wounded. At the Grand Sierra Resort, officers killed the shooter and one officer was wounded. | Open Space

In two of the five incidents, multiple firearms were used.

The CDC shooter fired three handguns, two rifles, and a shotgun; the SCSO shooter used two handguns, a shotgun, and a rifle; and the Border Patrol Annex shooter fired both a rifle and a handgun.

At the Grand Sierra Resort attack, the shooter used a single handgun, and at the Canfield Mountain attack, the shooter used a single shotgun.

While the shooters’ final outcomes differed, all died from gunfire, either by law enforcement action or suicide.

Of the five incidents involving gunfire exchanges with law enforcement, two shooters died by suicide.

At the incident at Canfield Mountain in Idaho, the shooter died by suicide

At the SCSO incident in Idaho, an officer was wounded prior to the exchange.

Additionally, in the incident at the CDC in Georgia, an officer was killed prior to the exchange.

The shooter at the CDC died by suicide after he killed a law enforcement officer.

In the Border Patrol Annex, Grand Sierra Resort, and SCSO incidents, officers killed the shooters during the exchange.

Throughout 2025, law enforcement officers directly ended 13 attacks while shooters actively targeted innocent victims.

These attacks occurred across various locations and involved multiple types of weapons, highlighting the complexity and challenges officers face while responding to these dangerous threats.

In several attacks, officers exchanged gunfire with the shooters to protect the public, sacrificing their own lives and safety in the process.

Killed by LE at the scene Suicide at the scene after LE arrived 2 3

The shooter at the Grand Sierra Resort attack was shot and apprehended but died at a hospital three days later.