Initial decisionmaker options also included an outside BTAM team and MTSS, PBIS or similar team
an outside BTAM team; or a MTSS, PBIS, or other behavioral support team.
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NCIER®
Report page 77
Claims on this page
Principals could select only one initial-decisionmaker response option
Principals could select only one response option.
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Principals rarely identified the BTAM team as initial decisionmaker, even for most serious incidents
Principals rarely identified the BTAM team as the party making the initial decision in response to an incident, even for the most serious types of incidents.
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Rare BTAM initial decisions were expected since teams typically receive reports then respond
This was expected, given that a BTAM team typically receives reports of behavior and then moves forward with response rather than making the initial decision in response to an incident.
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Principals identified teacher, principal or counselor as making initial judgments
Instead, principals identified three other individuals as making these initial judgments: a teacher, principal, or counselor.
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Figure 11.1 shows share of schools listing these personnel as first decisionmaker per scenario
Figure 11.1 shows the percentage of schools that listed these personnel as the first decisionmaker for each of the scenarios.
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Chapter also includes boxes with brief examples of each scenario
Also, throughout this chapter, we have boxes with brief examples of each scenario.
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Teachers typically first decide on lowest-level incidents, though administrators also play this role
As shown in Figure 11.1, teachers are typically the first to make decisions in response to the lowest-level incidents—although even in these cases, the principal or another school administrator also plays this role.
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Principals overwhelmingly identified a school administrator as first decisionmaker in most scenarios
Overall, however, principals overwhelmingly identified a school administrator as the first decisionmaker for most of the scenarios in the survey (see purple circles in Figure 11.1).
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About a quarter of principals named counselors as first decisionmaker in elementary Scenarios D, E
Sample (N = 148 total; column N not printed) · Scenario D respondents (observations)
For certain scenarios (such as Scenario D [explicit threat, history of academic issues, withdrawal or depression] and Scenario E [violence fixation, history of academic issues, withdrawal or depression, concerning home context] at the elementary school level), about a quarter of principals identified school counselors as the first decisionmaker.
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Secondary principals most often named an administrator, then a teacher (Scenarios I and K)
Secondary school principals most commonly identified a school administrator as the initial decisionmaker; the second most commonly selected option was a teacher (e.g., in Scenario I [history of misbehavior and academic issues] and Scenario K [physical altercation]).
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Only secondary scenario with counselor as initial decisionmaker was Scenario N (22 percent)
Sample (n = 126 of 126) · Scenario N respondents (observations)
The only secondary school scenario where principals selected the school counselor as the initial decisionmaker (22 percent of respondents) was Scenario N (violence fixation, withdrawal or depression).
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Scenario D vignette: 'I am going to kill you for that' shouted, academic problems, student cried
Scenario D: A student has an intense verbal confrontation with another student at school, shouting, “I am going to kill you for that.” The student has no history of fighting or disruptive behavior but has had academic problems. A teacher who spoke with the student does not believe the threat was serious but does note that the student started crying during their conversation and would not share why they were so upset.
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Scenario I vignette: repeatedly disruptive in biology class, struggling with material
Scenario I: A student is repeatedly disruptive in their biology class, talking with other students or playing on their phone. Though in a course normally taken by students one grade below theirs, the student still appears to be struggling with the material. The teacher has made attempts to correct or redirect the behavior but has been unsuccessful and reached a point where frustration is affecting the entire class.
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Scenario K vignette: P.E. pushing between two students, one still angry and agitated
Scenario K: During P.E., two students begin pushing each other during a soccer activity. When the P.E. teacher approaches and tells them to stop, both back off and apologize to varying degrees. The teacher notices and is concerned that one of the students still appears angry and agitated after the fight.
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Respondents saw some initial-decisionmaker options only if their school had such personnel
With the exceptions of teacher; school administrator; non-school-based law enforcement; and MTSS, PBIS, or other behavioral support team, respondents only saw each potential initial decisionmaker if they responded previously that they had such personnel at their school.
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Select initial-decisionmaker results presented; Tables A.14 and A.15 give additional information
We present select results here, but see Tables A.14 and A.15 in Appendix A for additional information.
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