Program Changes

Later discussion covers changes since implementation, current challenges, continuous improvement

The discussion then shifts to the changes that schools have made to their BTAM efforts since implementation, challenges they told us they are facing, and the processes they have built into their programs to support continuous improvement efforts.

• Continuous Improvement
• Current Challenges
• Program Changes

cite page 34 Ch 3: When Did Schools Establish BTAM Teams?

Approximately four in ten schools reported a generally stable BTAM process

Approximately four in ten schools reported that their BTAM process has been generally stable, using established approaches for assessing cases and planning interventions.

• Program Changes

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

The other 60 percent of schools made one or more changes to BTAM since initial implementation

Sample (N = 1376) · Teams answering community support / challenges / processes / training questions

However, the other 60 percent reported that they have made one or more changes to the program since its initial implementation.

• Program Changes

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

Principals changed BTAM to be more effective (30 percent) or to better fit school needs (24 percent)

Sample (n = undeterminable of 1376) · Teams answering community support / challenges / processes / training questions

Most commonly, principals indicated that their BTAM process changed as they aimed to make it more effective at protecting the school and students (30 percent) or adjustments were needed for BTAM to better fit their school’s needs (24 percent).

• Program Changes

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

Few schools changed BTAM due to resource constraints (12 percent) or community concerns about studen

Sample (n = undeterminable of 1376) · Teams answering community support / challenges / processes / training questions

Few schools reported making changes in response to specific problems, such as resource or other constraints that limited the capacity of BTAM (12 percent) or concerns in the community about how BTAM would affect students (3 percent).

• Current Challenges
• Program Changes

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

Patterns suggest changes aimed to improve BTAM in context, not respond to threats to its functioning

These patterns suggest that schools made changes to BTAM processes to help improve how BTAM worked in their specific school or community context, rather than in response to challenges that might otherwise jeopardize the effective functioning of a school BTAM program.

• Program Changes

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

14 percent of schools changed their BTAM process in response to changes to state law or policy

Sample (N = 1376) · Official BTAM teams only answering Table A.51

That said, 14 percent of schools did change their BTAM process in response to changes to state law or policy regarding BTAM.

• Program Changes
• State Policy Mandates

cite page 102 Ch 13: Sustaining and Improving BTAM Programs over Time

Table A.26 Implemented as originally designed: 47.4 (official + other teams); 47.3 (official only)

Sample (N = 468 | 445 by column) · Table A.26 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only

We have implemented the program as it was originally designed and specified by the developers | 47.4 | 47.3

• Implementation Fidelity
• Program Changes

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.26 Changed form, kept core functions: 33.0 (official + other teams); 32.7 (official only)

Sample (N = 468 | 445 by column) · Table A.26 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only

We have made changes to the program’s form (e.g., related to materials, staffing, specification of protocols, etc.), while maintaining its core functions related to assessing and managing threats | 33.0 | 32.7

• Implementation Fidelity
• Program Changes

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.26 Changed core functions: 1.3 (official + other teams); 1.3 (official only)

Sample (N = 468 | 445 by column) · Table A.26 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only

We have made changes that directly modified the program’s core functions related to assessing and managing threats | 1.3 | 1.3

• Implementation Fidelity
• Program Changes

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.26 I don’t know if we have made changes: 18.3 (official + other teams); 18.7 (official only)

Sample (N = 468 | 445 by column) · Table A.26 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only

I don’t know if we have made changes | 18.3 | 18.7

• Implementation Fidelity
• Program Changes

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.26 N: 468 (official + other teams); 445 (official only)

N | 468 | 445 |

• Implementation Fidelity
• Program Changes

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27 Reduced recommended personnel (resource/staff constraints): 39.5 (official + other tea...

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We reduced the number of recommended personnel serving on the team due to resource or staff constraints | 39.5 | 40.4

• Program Changes
• Team Composition

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27 Reduced recommended personnel (community concerns/context): 6.5 (official + other team...

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We reduced the number of recommended personnel serving on the team due to community concerns or context | 6.5 | 5.3

• Program Changes
• Team Composition

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27 Added personnel beyond recommended: 29.2 (official + other teams); 29.6 (official only)

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We added personnel to our team beyond the recommended personnel | 29.2 | 29.6

• Program Changes
• Team Composition

cite page 123 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We changed the program’s recommended procedures for collecting informatio… - 10.7 / 10.7

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We changed the program’s recommended procedures for collecting information to assess threats | 10.7 | 10.7

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We adjusted the types of data used to assess threats because we were unab… - 16.5 / 16.0

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We adjusted the types of data used to assess threats because we were unable to access or use some types of data recommended by the program | 16.5 | 16.0

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We use additional data to assess threats and concerning student behavior… - 25.1 / 25.8

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We use additional data to assess threats and concerning student behavior beyond what the program recommends, in addition to using the data recommended by the program | 25.1 | 25.8

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We modified (or don’t use) worksheets, checklists or other tools that com… - 34.4 / 35.1

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We modified (or don’t use) worksheets, checklists or other tools that come with the program | 34.4 | 35.1

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We created worksheets, checklists or other tools that didn’t originally c… - 25.2 / 23.3

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We created worksheets, checklists or other tools that didn’t originally come with the program | 25.2 | 23.3

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We changed the way the program recommends assessing whether a student poses… - 3.1 / 3.3

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We changed the way the program recommends assessing whether a student poses a threat to themselves or others | 3.1 | 3.3

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We don’t use some of the intervention options recommended by the program… - 17.4 / 17.4

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We don’t use some of the intervention options recommended by the program because of access issues or resource constraints | 17.4 | 17.4

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: We added intervention options beyond those recommended by the program to… - 21.1 / 20.8

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

We added intervention options beyond those recommended by the program to meet our local needs | 21.1 | 20.8

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: Other changes (please specify): - 3.5 / 3.2

Sample (N = 162 | 153 by column) · Table A.27 columns: Official BTAM teams and other school-based teams | Official BTAM teams only (N row printed on p124, continuation page)

Other changes (please specify): | 3.5 | 3.2

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.27: N - 162 / 153

N | 162 | 153 NOTE: Respondent

• Named Models
• Program Changes

cite page 124 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, N/A; The process has been generally stable, using established approaches f…: 37.8 / 38.6

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

N/A; The process has been generally stable, using established approaches for assessing cases and planning interventions | 37.8 | 38.6

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process has changed because we needed to make adjustments to better fi…: 25.7 / 24.2

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process has changed because we needed to make adjustments to better fit our school’s needs | 25.7 | 24.2

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process has changed because we changed the staff on the team and made …: 19.5 / 18.4

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process has changed because we changed the staff on the team and made changes to how the team functions | 19.5 | 18.4

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process has changed in response to resource or other constraints that …: 12.6 / 12.1

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process has changed in response to resource or other constraints that limited our capacity | 12.6 | 12.1

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process has changed because of concerns in the community about how BTAM …: 3.0 / 3.1

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process has changed because of concerns in the community about how BTAM affects students | 3.0 | 3.1

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process has changed because we aimed to make it more effective in prot…: 29.8 / 30.4

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process has changed because we aimed to make it more effective in protecting our school and students | 29.8 | 30.4

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51, The process changed because of changes to state law or policy about BTAM: 13.1 / 14.3

Sample (N = 1603 | 1376 by column) · Table A.51 columns: official+other school-based teams (1,603); official teams only (1,376)

The process changed because of changes to state law or policy about BTAM | 13.1 | 14.3

• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51 N: 1,603; 1,376

N | 1,603 | 1,376

• Methodology
• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51 note: Respondents were instructed to select all that apply.

Respondents were instructed to select all that apply.

• Methodology
• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies

Table A.51 note: Only respondents who said their school has a school- or district-level BTAM team

Only respondents who said their school has a school- or district-level BTAM team (or an alternative team that performs BTAM-like functions) saw this question.

• Methodology
• Program Changes

cite page 137 Appendix A: Survey Frequencies